Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers

1. Overview

In this w3schools programming tutorial, You'll learn a java program to add two complex numbers. Complex number is an A + iB. Every complex equation will have two parts - real and imaginary portions. When adding complex number we need to add separately both real numbers and separately both imaginary numbers.

Here are the two complex number equations.

a1 + ib1, a2 + ib2

(a1,b1) and (a2, b2)

This is also a fresher or 1-2 years of experience java developer interview question.

2. Example Program To Create ComplexNumber class

First, create the following class ComplexNumber with the two instance variables named real and imaginary which hold the equation values. Created two parameterised constructor to take input values and provided only getter methods to get the given values.

class ComplexNumber {

    private double real;
    private double imaginary;

    public ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary) {
        this.real = real;
        this.imaginary = imaginary;
    }

    // adding getters for real and imaginary properties
    public double getReal() {
        return real;
    }

    public double getImaginary() {
        return imaginary;
    }

}

3. Main program to add two complex numbers in java

In the below program created a method sumComplexNumbers() which takes two ComplexNumber objects to add two complex numbers. Logic is easy to understand.

First created two objects for ComplexNumber such as complexNumber1 and complexNumber2. Number complexNumber1 real and imaginary values are 5.4 and 10.5. complexNumber2 real and imaginary values are 4.6 and 9.5. Passing these number objects to the sumComplexNumbers method which does the sum real and imaginary values individually. Finally, Creates a new ComplexNumber object with the results stored in sumReal and sumImaginary variables.

package com.javaprogramto.engineering.programs;

/**
 * 
 * Java-W3schools
 * 
 * Java Program to Add Two Complex Numbers
 * 
 * @author javaprogramto
 *
 */
public class AddTwoComplexNumbers {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // creating two complex numbers of objects. Passing the values through the
        // constructor.
        ComplexNumber complexNumber1 = new ComplexNumber(5.4, 10.5);
        ComplexNumber complexNumber2 = new ComplexNumber(4.6, 9.5);

        // printing the complex numbers.
        System.out
                .println("First complex number: " + complexNumber1.getReal() + " + i" + complexNumber1.getImaginary());
        System.out
                .println("Second complex number: " + complexNumber2.getReal() + " + i" + complexNumber2.getImaginary());

        // calling a method to sum two complex numbers.
        ComplexNumber result = sumComplexNumbers(complexNumber1, complexNumber2);
        System.out.println("After adding two complex numbers: " + result.getReal() + " + i" + result.getImaginary());
    }

    public static ComplexNumber sumComplexNumbers(ComplexNumber complexNumber1, ComplexNumber complexNumber2) {

        double sumReal = complexNumber1.getReal() + complexNumber2.getReal();
        double sumImaginary = complexNumber1.getImaginary() + complexNumber2.getImaginary();

        return new ComplexNumber(sumReal, sumImaginary);
    }

}

Output:

First complex number: 5.4 + i10.5
Second complex number: 4.6 + i9.5
After adding two complex numbers: 10.0 + i20.0

4. Conclusion

In this article, We've seen the java freshers program to add two complex numbers.